Incidents, accidents & emergencies test (with hints)

You arrive at an incident which has only just happened and someone is injured. What should be given urgent priority?*

Ask for witnesses details

Give the injured person a warm drink

Stop any severe bleeding

Note the registration numbers of vehicles involved

The first priority with a casualty is to make sure their airway is clear and they’re breathing. Any wounds should be checked for objects and bleeding stemmed using clean material. Ensure the emergency services are called as they’re the experts. If you’re not first aid trained consider getting training. It might save a life.

Your vehicle has broken down on an automatic railway level crossing. What should you do FIRST?*

Get everyone out of the vehicle and clear of the crossing

Telephone your vehicle recovery service to move it

Walk along the track to give warning to any approaching trains

Try to push the vehicle clear of the crossing as soon as possible

Firstly get yourself and anyone else well away from the crossing. If there’s a railway phone use that to get instructions from the signal operator. Then if there’s time move the vehicle clear of the crossing.

At an incident, someone is unconscious. What would your priority be?*

Find out their name

Wake them up

Make them comfortable

Check their airway is open

Remember this procedure by saying DR ABC. This stands for Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation. Give whatever first aid you can and stay with the injured person until the emergency services arrive.

You arrive at the scene of a motorcycle crash. The rider is injured. When should the helmet be removed?*

Only when it is essential

Always straight away

Only when the motorcyclist asks

Always, unless they are in shock

DO NOT remove a motorcyclist’s helmet unless it is essential. Remember they may be suffering from shock. Don’t give them anything to eat or drink but do reassure them confidently.

At an incident, what should you do with a casualty who has stopped breathing?*

Keep their head tilted forwards as far as possible

Follow the DR ABC code

Raise their legs to help with circulation

Try to give them something to drink

The DR ABC code has been devised by medical experts to give the best outcome until the emergency services arrive and take care of casualties.

You have broken down on a two-way road. You have a warning triangle. You should place the warning triangle at least how far from your vehicle?*

5 metres (16 feet)

25 metres (82 feet)

45 metres (147 feet)

100 metres (328 feet)

Advance warning triangles fold flat and don’t take up much room. Use it to warn other road users if your vehicle has broken down or there’s been an incident. Place it at least 45 metres (147 feet) behind your vehicle or incident on the same side of the road or verge. Place it further back if the scene is hidden by, for example, a bend, hill or dip in the road. Don’t use them on motorways.

You're the first person to arrive at an incident where people are badly injured. You’ve switched on your hazard lights and checked all engines are stopped. What else should you do?*

Make sure that an ambulance is called for

Stop other cars and ask the drivers for help

Try and get people who are injured to drink something

Move the people who are injured clear of their vehicles

If you’re the first to arrive at a crash scene the first concerns are the risk of further collision and fire. Ensuring that vehicle engines are switched off will reduce the risk of fire. Use hazard warning lights so that other traffic knows there’s a need for caution. Make sure the emergency services are contacted, don’t assume this has already been done.

At an incident a casualty isn't breathing. What should you do while helping them to start breathing again?*

Put their arms across their chest

Shake them firmly

Roll them onto their side

Tilt their head back gently

It’s important to ensure that the airway is open before you start CPR. To open the casualty’s airway, place your fingers under their chin and lift it forward.

An adult casualty isn't breathing. To maintain circulation, CPR should be given. What's the correct depth to press down on their chest?*

1 to 2 centimetres

5 to 6 centimetres

10 to 15 centimetres

15 to 20 centimetres

An adult casualty isn't breathing normally. To maintain circulation, place two hands on the centre of the chest. Then press down hard and fast – around 5–6 centimetres and about twice a second.

At an incident, a small child isn't breathing. What should you do to try and help?*

Find their parents and get permission to help

Open their airway and begin CPR

Put them in the recovery position and slap their back

Talk to them confidently until an ambulance arrives

If a young child has stopped breathing, first check that their airway is open and then begin CPR. With a young child, you may only need to use one hand and you shouldn’t press down as far as you would with an adult. Continue the procedure until the child is breathing again or until a medical professional takes over.

At an incident a casualty is unconscious. What should you check urgently?*

Flesh wounds

Airway

Shock

Broken bones

Remember DR ABC (Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Compressions). An unconscious casualty may have difficulty breathing. Check that their airway is clear by tilting the head back gently. Unblock the airway if necessary, then make sure the casualty is breathing. Compressions may need to be given to maintain circulation.

Your vehicle breaks down in a tunnel. What should you do?*

Stay in your vehicle and wait for the police

Stand in the lane behind your vehicle to warn others

Stand in front of your vehicle to warn oncoming drivers

Switch on hazard lights then go and call for help immediately

A broken-down vehicle in a tunnel can cause serious congestion and danger to other road users. If your vehicle breaks down, get help without delay. Switch on your hazard warning lights, then go to an emergency telephone point to call for help.

Your vehicle has a puncture on a motorway. What should you do?*

Drive slowly to the next service area to get assistance

Pull up on the hard shoulder. Change the wheel as quickly as possible

Pull up on the hard shoulder. Use the emergency phone to get assistance

Switch on your hazard lights. Stop in your lane

Pull up on the hard shoulder and make your way to the nearest emergency telephone to call for assistance. Do not attempt to repair your vehicle while it is on the hard shoulder because of the risk posed by traffic passing at high speeds.

You’re in collision with another moving vehicle. Someone is injured and your vehicle is damaged. What information should you find out?*

Whether the other driver is licensed to drive

The other driver’s name, address and telephone number

The destination of the other driver

The occupation of the other driver

Try to keep calm and don’t rush. Make sure that you've shared all the relevant details with the other driver before you leave the scene. If possible take pictures and note the positions of all the vehicles involved.

At a collision you suspect a casualty has back injuries. The area is safe. You should*

offer them a drink

not move them

raise their legs

not call an ambulance

Talk to the casualty and keep them calm. Do not attempt to move them as this could cause further injury. Call an ambulance at the first opportunity.

You are going through a tunnel. What systems are provided to warn of any incidents, collisions or congestion?*

Double white centre lines

Variable message signs

Chevron ‘distance markers’

Rumble strips

Take notice of any instructions given on variable message signs or by tunnel officials. They will warn you of any incidents or congestion ahead and advise you what to do.

Your tyre bursts while you’re driving. What should you do?*

Pull on the handbrake

Brake as quickly as possible

Pull up slowly at the side of the road

Continue on at a normal speed

A tyre bursting can lead to a loss of control, especially if you’re travelling at high speed. Using the correct procedure should help you to stop the vehicle safely.

When approaching a tunnel it is good advice to*

put on your sunglasses and use the sun visor

check your tyre pressures

change down to a lower gear

make sure your radio is tuned to the frequency shown

On the approach to tunnels a sign will usually show a local radio channel. It should give a warning of any incidents or congestion in the tunnel ahead. Many radios can be set to automatically pick up traffic announcements and local frequencies. If you have to tune the radio manually don’t be distracted while doing so. Incidents in tunnels can lead to serious casualties. The greatest hazard is fire. Getting an advance warning of problems could save your life and others.

A casualty isn't breathing normally and needs CPR. At what rate should you press down and release on the centre of their chest?*

10 times per minute

120 times per minute

60 times per minute

240 times per minute

If a casualty isn't breathing normally, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may be needed to maintain circulation. Place two hands on the centre of the chest and press down hard and fast – around 5–6 centimetres and about twice a second.

You see a car on the hard shoulder of a motorway with a HELP pennant displayed. This means the driver is most likely to be*

a disabled person

first aid trained

a foreign visitor

a rescue patrol person

If a disabled driver’s vehicle breaks down and they are unable to walk to an emergency phone, they are advised to stay in their car and switch on the hazard warning lights. They may also display a 'Help’ pennant in their vehicle.

You're at an incident. What could you do to help a casualty who's unconscious?*

Take photographs of the scene

Check that they're breathing normally

Move them to somewhere more comfortable

Splash their face with cool water

If a casualty is unconscious, you need to check that they're breathing normally. Look for chest movements, look and listen for breathing, and feel for breath on your cheek.

You're the first to arrive at the scene of a crash. What should you do?*

Leave as soon as another motorist arrives

Flag down other motorists to help you

Drag all casualties away from the vehicles

Call the emergency services promptly

At a crash scene you can help in practical ways, even if you aren’t trained in first aid. Call the emergency services and make sure you don't put yourself or anyone else in danger. The safest way to warn other traffic is by switching on your hazard warning lights.

A person has been injured. They may be suffering from shock. What are the warning signs to look for?*

Flushed complexion

Warm dry skin

Slow pulse

Pale grey skin

The effects of shock may not be immediately obvious. Warning signs are rapid pulse, sweating, pale grey skin and rapid shallow breathing.

There's been a collision. A driver is suffering from shock. What should you do?*

Give them a drink

Reassure them

Ask who caused the incident

Offer them a cigarette

A casualty suffering from shock may have injuries that aren't immediately obvious. Call the emergency services then stay with the person in shock, offering reassurance until the experts arrive.

A collision has just happened. An injured person is lying in a busy road. What is the FIRST thing you should do to help?*

Treat the person for shock

Warn other traffic

Place them in the recovery position

Make sure the injured person is kept warm

The most immediate danger is further collisions and fire. You could warn other traffic by displaying an advance warning triangle or sign (but not on a motorway), switching on hazard warning lights or by any other means that does not put you or others at risk.

You are driving through a tunnel. Your vehicle breaks down. What should you do?*

Switch on hazard warning lights

Remain in your vehicle

Wait for the police to find you

Rely on CCTV cameras seeing you

If your vehicle breaks down in a tunnel it could present a danger to other traffic. First switch on your hazard warning lights and then call for help from an emergency telephone point. Don’t rely on being found by the police or being seen by a CCTV camera. The longer the vehicle stays in an exposed position, the more danger it poses to other drivers.

At an incident, someone is suffering from severe burns. What should you do to help them?*

Apply lotions to the injury

Burst any blisters

Remove anything sticking to the burns

Douse the burns with clean, cool water

Your priority is to cool the burns with clean, cool water. Its coolness will help take the heat out of the burns and relieve the pain. Keep the wound doused for at least 20 minutes. If blisters appear, don’t attempt to burst them, as this could lead to infection.

You're driving on a motorway. When can you use hazard warning lights?*

When a vehicle is following too closely

When you slow down quickly because of danger ahead

When you’re towing another vehicle

When you’re driving on the hard shoulder

Briefly using your hazard warning lights will warn the traffic travelling behind you that there's a hazard ahead. This can reduce the chance of vehicles crashing into the back of each other.

You're involved in a collision. Afterwards, which document may the police ask you to produce?*

Vehicle registration document

Driving licence

Theory test certificate

Vehicle service record

You MUST stop if you've been involved in a collision which results in injury or damage. The police may ask to see your driving licence and insurance details at the time or later at a police station.

Which of the following should you NOT do at the scene of a collision?*

Warn other traffic by switching on your hazard warning lights

Call the emergency services immediately

Offer someone a cigarette to calm them down

Ask drivers to switch off their engines

Keeping casualties or witnesses calm is important, but never offer a cigarette because of the risk of fire. Bear in mind they may be in shock. Don’t offer an injured person anything to eat or drink. They may have internal injuries or need surgery.

While driving, a warning light on your vehicle’s instrument panel comes on. You should*

continue if the engine sounds all right

hope that it is just a temporary electrical fault

deal with the problem when there is more time

check out the problem quickly and safely

Make sure you know what the different warning lights mean. An illuminated warning light could mean that your car is unsafe to drive. Don’t take risks. If you aren’t sure about the problem get a qualified mechanic to check it.

An injured motorcyclist is lying unconscious in the road. You should always*

remove the safety helmet

seek medical assistance

move the person off the road

remove the leather jacket

If someone has been injured, the sooner proper medical attention is given the better. Send someone to phone for help or go yourself. An injured person should only be moved if they’re in further danger. An injured motorcyclist’s helmet should NOT be removed unless it is essential.

You are in a collision on a two-way road. You have a warning triangle with you. At what distance before the obstruction should you place the warning triangle?*

25 metres (82 feet)

45 metres (147 feet)

100 metres (328 feet)

150 metres (492 feet)

This is the minimum distance to place the triangle from the obstruction. If there’s a bend or hump in the road place it so that approaching traffic has plenty of time to react to the warning and slow down. You may also need to use your hazard warning lights, especially in poor visibility or at night.

When should you use hazard warning lights?*

When you slow down quickly on a motorway because of a hazard ahead

When you leave your car at the roadside to visit a shop

When you wish to stop on double yellow lines

When you need to park on the pavement

Hazard warning lights are fitted to all modern cars and some motorcycles. They should be used to warn
• other road users when your vehicle is causing a temporary obstruction, for example after a collision or when it’s broken down
• following drivers on a motorway of a hazard or obstruction ahead.
They should not be used as an excuse for dangerous or illegal parking.

A casualty has an injured arm. They can move it freely but it is bleeding. Why should you get them to keep it in a raised position?*

Because it will ease the pain

It will help them to be seen more easily

To stop them touching other people

It will help to reduce the blood flow

If a casualty is bleeding heavily, raise the limb to a higher position. This will help to reduce the blood flow. Before raising the limb you should make sure that it is not broken.

You have to treat someone for shock at the scene of an incident. You should*

reassure them constantly

walk them around to calm them down

give them something cold to drink

cool them down as soon as possible

Stay with the casualty and talk to them quietly and firmly to calm and reassure them. Avoid moving them unnecessarily in case they are injured. Keep them warm, but don’t give them anything to eat or drink.

You have stalled in the middle of a level crossing and cannot restart the engine. The warning bell starts to ring. You should*

get out and clear of the crossing

run down the track to warn the signal operator

carry on trying to restart the engine

push the vehicle clear of the crossing

Try to stay calm, especially if you have passengers on board. If you can’t restart your engine before the warning bells ring, leave the vehicle and get yourself and any passengers well clear of the crossing.

There has been a collision. A motorcyclist is lying injured and unconscious. Unless it’s essential, why should you usually NOT attempt to remove their helmet?*

Because they may not want you to

This could result in more serious injury

They will get too cold if you do this

Because you could scratch the helmet

When someone is injured, any movement which is not absolutely necessary should be avoided since it could make injuries worse. Unless it is essential, it’s generally safer to leave a motorcyclist’s helmet in place.

You have a collision while driving through a tunnel. You are not injured but your vehicle cannot be driven. What should you do FIRST?*

Rely on other drivers phoning for the police

Switch off the engine and switch on hazard lights

Take the names of witnesses and other drivers

Sweep up any debris that is in the road

If you are involved in a collision in a tunnel be aware of the danger this can cause to other traffic. The greatest danger is fire. Put on your hazard warning lights straight away and switch off your engine. Then call for help from an emergency telephone point.

You break down on a level crossing. The lights have not yet begun to flash. What's the first thing should you do?*

Tell drivers behind what has happened

Leave your vehicle and get everyone clear

Walk down the track and signal the next train

Stay in your car until you're told to move

If your vehicle breaks down on a level crossing, your first priority is to get everyone out of the vehicle and clear of the crossing. Then use the railway telephone, if there is one, to tell the signal operator. If you have time before the train arrives, move the vehicle clear of the crossing, but only do this if alarm signals are not on.

You arrive at the scene of a motorcycle crash. No other vehicle is involved. The rider is unconscious and lying in the middle of the road. The FIRST thing you should do is*

move the rider out of the road

warn other traffic

clear the road of debris

give the rider reassurance

The motorcyclist is in an extremely vulnerable position, exposed to further danger from traffic. Approaching vehicles need advance warning in order to slow down and safely take avoiding action or stop. Don’t put yourself or anyone else at risk. Use the hazard warning lights on your vehicle to alert other road users to the danger.

After a collision someone has suffered a burn. The burn needs to be cooled. What is the shortest time it should be cooled for?*

30 seconds

60 seconds

5 minutes

10 minutes

It’s important to cool a burn for at least ten minutes. Use a clean, cold non-toxic liquid preferably water. Bear in mind the person may also be in shock.

You arrive at an incident. A pedestrian is bleeding heavily from a leg wound. The leg isn't broken and there's nothing in the wound. How could you help?*

Dab the wound to stop the bleeding

Keep the casualty's legs flat on the ground

Fetch them a warm drink

Apply firm pressure over the wound

If there’s nothing in the wound, applying firm pressure using a pad of clean cloth or bandage will help stem the bleeding. Don’t tie anything tightly round the leg, as this will restrict circulation and could result in long-term injury.

You are going through a long tunnel. What will warn you of congestion or an incident ahead?*

Hazard warning lines

Other drivers flashing their lights

Variable message signs

Areas marked with hatch markings

Follow the instructions given by the signs or by tunnel officials. In congested tunnels a minor incident can soon turn into a major one with serious or even fatal results.

You arrive at a serious motorcycle crash. The motorcyclist is unconscious and bleeding. What should you do to help them?*

Sweep up any loose debris

Make a list of witnesses

Check their breathing

Take the numbers of other vehicles

Further collisions and fire are the main dangers immediately after a crash. If possible get others to assist you and make the area safe. Help those involved and remember DR ABC, (Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Compressions). This will help when dealing with any injuries.

You’ve broken down on a motorway. When you use the emergency telephone you will be asked for*

details about your vehicle

your driving licence details

the name of your vehicle's insurance company

your employer's details

Have the correct details ready before you use the emergency telephone. The operator will need to know the details of your vehicle and its fault. For your own safety always face the traffic when you speak on a roadside telephone.

You are driving through a tunnel. There has been a collision and the car in front is on fire and blocking the road. What should you do?*

Overtake and continue as quickly as you can

Lock all the doors and windows

Switch on hazard warning lights

Stop, then reverse out of the tunnel

If the vehicle in front is on fire, you should pull over to the side and stop. Switch on your warning lights and switch off your engine. If you can locate a fire extinguisher use it to put out the fire, taking great care. Do NOT open the bonnet. Always call for help from the nearest emergency point and if possible give first aid to anyone who is injured.

You're in a tunnel. Your vehicle is on fire and you cannot drive it. What should you do?*

Stay in the vehicle and close the windows

Switch on hazard warning lights

Leave the engine running

Switch off all of your lights

It’s usually better to drive a burning vehicle out of a tunnel. If you can’t do this pull over and stop at an emergency point if possible. Switch off the engine, use hazard warning lights, and leave the vehicle immediately. Call for help from the nearest emergency point. If you have an extinguisher it may help to put out a small fire but don't try to tackle a large one.

At the scene of a traffic incident you should*

not put yourself at risk

go to those casualties who are screaming

pull everybody out of their vehicles

leave vehicle engines switched on

It’s important that people at the scene of a collision do not create further risk to themselves or others. If the incident is on a motorway or major road, traffic will be approaching at speed. Do not put yourself at risk when trying to help casualties or warning other road users.

You arrive at the scene of a crash where someone is bleeding heavily from a wound in their arm. Nothing is embedded in the wound. What could you do to help?*

Walk them around and keep them talking

Dab the wound

Get them a drink

Apply pressure over the wound

If possible, lay the casualty down. Protect yourself from exposure to blood and, when you're sure there's nothing in the wound, apply firm pressure to it using clean material.

Your vehicle catches fire while driving through a tunnel. It is still driveable. What should you do?*

Leave it where it is with the engine running

Pull up, then walk to an emergency telephone point

Park it away from the carriageway

Drive it out of the tunnel if you can do so

If it’s possible, and you can do so without causing further danger, it may be safer to drive a vehicle which is on fire out of a tunnel. The greatest danger in a tunnel fire is smoke and suffocation.

At an incident it is important to look after any casualties. When the area is safe, you should*

get them out of the vehicle

give them a drink

give them something to eat

keep them in the vehicle

When the area is safe and there’s no danger from other traffic or fire it’s better not to move casualties. Moving them may cause further injury.

You have broken down on a two-way road. You have a warning triangle. It should be displayed*

on the roof of your vehicle

at least 150 metres (492 feet) behind your vehicle

at least 45 metres (147 feet) behind your vehicle

just behind your vehicle

If you need to display a warning triangle make sure that it can be clearly seen by other road users. Place it on the same side of the road as the broken down vehicle and away from any obstruction that would make it hard to see.

You are at an incident where a casualty is unconscious. Their breathing should be checked. This should be done for at least*

2 seconds

10 seconds

1 minute

2 minutes

Once the airway is open, check breathing. Listen and feel for breath. Do this by placing your cheek over their mouth and nose, and look to see if the chest rises. This should be done for up to 10 seconds.

You are driving through a tunnel. Your vehicle catches fire. What should you do?*

Continue through the tunnel if you can

Turn your vehicle around immediately

Reverse out of the tunnel

Carry out an emergency stop

The main dangers in a tunnel fire are suffocation and smoke. If you can do so safely it’s better to drive a burning vehicle out of a tunnel. If you can’t do this, pull over, switch off the engine, use hazard warning lights and phone immediately for help. It may be possible to put out a small fire but if it seems large do NOT tackle it!

You arrive at an incident. A motorcyclist is unconscious. Your FIRST priority is the casualty’s*

breathing

bleeding

broken bones

bruising

At the scene of an incident always be aware of danger from further collisions or fire. The first priority when dealing with an unconscious person is to ensure they can breathe. This may involve clearing their airway if you can see an obstruction, or if they’re having difficulty breathing.

An injured person has been placed in the recovery position. They are unconscious but breathing normally. What else should be done?*

Press firmly between their shoulders

Place their arms by their side

Give them a hot sweet drink

Check their airway remains open

After a casualty has been placed in the recovery position, make sure their airway remains open and monitor their condition until medical help arrives. Where possible, don't move a casualty unless there’s further danger.

What safeguard could you take against fire risk to your vehicle?*

Keep water levels above maximum

Check out any strong smell of fuel

Avoid driving with a full tank of fuel

Use fuel additives

The fuel in your vehicle can be a dangerous fire hazard. If you smell fuel check out where it's coming from. Never
• use a naked flame near the vehicle if you can smell fuel
• smoke when refuelling your vehicle.

You lose control of your car and damage a garden wall. No one is around. What must you do?*

Report the incident to the police within 24 hours

Go back to tell the house owner the next day

Report the incident to your insurance company when you get home

Find someone in the area to tell them about it immediately

If the property owner is not available at the time, you MUST inform the police of the incident. This should be done as soon as possible, and within 24 hours.

You are driving through a tunnel and the traffic is flowing normally. What should you do?*

Use parking lights

Use front spot lights

Use dipped headlights

Use rear fog lights

Before entering a tunnel you should switch on your dipped headlights, as this will allow you to see and be seen. In many tunnels it is a legal requirement. Don’t wear sunglasses while driving in a tunnel. You may wish to tune your radio into a local channel.

Your engine catches fire. What should you do first?*

Lift the bonnet and disconnect the battery

Lift the bonnet and warn other traffic

Call a breakdown service

Call the fire brigade

If you suspect a fire in the engine compartment you should pull up as safely and as quickly as possible. DO NOT open the bonnet as this will fuel the fire further. Get any passengers out of the vehicle and dial 999 immediately to contact the fire brigade.

At an incident a casualty is unconscious but still breathing. You should only move them if*

an ambulance is on its way

bystanders advise you to

there is further danger

bystanders will help you to

Do not move a casualty unless there is further danger, for example, from other traffic or fire. They may have unseen or internal injuries. Moving them unnecessarily could cause further injury. Do NOT remove a motorcyclists helmet unless it’s essential.

What should you do when a front tyre bursts?*

Apply the handbrake to stop the vehicle

Brake firmly and quickly

Let the vehicle roll to a stop

Hold the steering wheel lightly

Try not to react by applying the brakes harshly. This could lead to further loss of steering control. Indicate your intention to pull up at the side of the road and roll to a stop.

You suspect that an injured person may be suffering from shock. What are the warning signs to look for?*

Warm dry skin

Sweating

Slow pulse

Skin rash

Sometimes you may not realise that someone is in shock. The signs to look for are rapid pulse, sweating, pale grey skin and rapid shallow breathing.

You are going through a congested tunnel and have to stop. What should you do?*

Pull up very close to the vehicle in front to save space

Ignore any message signs as they are never up to date

Keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front

Make a U-turn and find another route

It’s important to keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front at all times. This still applies in congested tunnels even if you are moving very slowly or have stopped. If the vehicle in front breaks down you may need room to manoeuvre past it.

A tanker is involved in a collision. Which sign shows that it is carrying dangerous goods?*

There will be an orange label on the side and rear of the tanker. Look at this carefully and report what it says when you phone the emergency services. Details of hazard warning plates are given in The Highway Code.

After a collision someone is unconscious in their vehicle. When should you call the emergency services?*

Only as a last resort

As soon as possible

After you have woken them up

After checking for broken bones

It is important to make sure that emergency services arrive on the scene as soon as possible. When a person is unconscious, they could have serious injuries that are not immediately obvious.

On the motorway, the hard shoulder should be used*

to answer a mobile phone

when an emergency arises

for a short rest when tired

to check a road atlas

Pull onto the hard shoulder and use the emergency telephone to report your problem. This lets the emergency services know your exact location so they can send help. Never cross the carriageway to use the telephone on the other side.

Before driving through a tunnel what should you do?*

Switch your radio off

Remove any sunglasses

Close your sunroof

Switch on windscreen wipers

If you are wearing sunglasses you should remove them before driving into a tunnel. If you don’t, your vision will be restricted, even in tunnels that appear to be well-lit.

When are you allowed to use hazard warning lights?*

When stopped and temporarily obstructing traffic

When travelling during darkness without headlights

When parked for shopping on double yellow lines

When travelling slowly because you are lost

You must not use hazard warning lights when moving, except when slowing suddenly on a motorway or unrestricted dual carriageway to warn the traffic behind. Never use hazard warning lights to excuse dangerous or illegal parking.

When driving through a tunnel you should*

Look out for variable message signs

Use your air conditioning system

Switch on your rear fog lights

Always use your windscreen wipers

A minor incident in a tunnel can quickly turn into a major disaster. Variable message signs are provided to warn of any incidents or congestion. Follow their advice.

What should you carry for use in the event of a collision?*

Road map

Can of petrol

Jump leads

Fire extinguisher

Various items can provide invaluable help in the event of a collision or breakdown - such as a first aid kit and a fire extinguisher. They could even save a life.

You are on the motorway. Luggage falls from your vehicle. What should you do?*

Stop at the next emergency telephone and contact the police

Stop on the motorway and put on hazard lights while you pick it up

Walk back up the motorway to pick it up

Pull up on the hard shoulder and wave traffic down

If any object falls onto the motorway carriageway from your vehicle pull over onto the hard shoulder near an emergency telephone and phone for assistance. You will be connected to the police or a Highways Agency control centre. Don’t stop on the carriageway or attempt to retrieve anything.

You've stopped at an incident to give help. What should you do?*

Keep injured people warm and comfortable

Give injured people something to eat

Keep injured people on the move by walking them around

Give injured people a warm drink

There are a number of things you can do to help, even without expert training. Be aware of further danger from other traffic and fire; make sure the area is safe. People may be in shock. Don’t give them anything to eat or drink. Keep them warm and comfortable and reassure them. Don’t move injured people unless there is a risk of further danger.

You arrive at the scene of an incident. It's just happened and someone is unconscious. What should be given urgent priority to help them?*

Stop any heavy bleeding

Try to get them to drink water

Take the numbers of vehicles involved

Look for any witnesses

Make sure that the emergency services are called immediately. Remember DR ABC (Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Compressions) and, once first aid has been given, stay with the casualty.

You have a collision whilst your car is moving. What is the FIRST thing you must do?*

Stop only if someone waves at you

Call the emergency services

Stop at the scene of the incident

Call your insurance company

If you are in a collision that causes damage or injury to any other person, vehicle, animal or property, by law you MUST STOP. Give your name, the vehicle owner’s name and address, and the vehicle’s registration number to anyone who has reasonable grounds for requiring them.

You are on a motorway. A large box falls onto the road from a lorry. The lorry does not stop. You should*

go to the next emergency telephone and report the hazard

catch up with the lorry and try to get the driver’s attention

stop close to the box until the police arrive

pull over to the hard shoulder, then remove the box

Lorry drivers can be unaware of objects falling from their vehicles. If you see something fall onto a motorway look to see if the driver pulls over. If they don’t stop, do not attempt to retrieve it yourself. Pull on to the hard shoulder near an emergency telephone and report the hazard. You will be connected to the police or a Highways Agency control centre.

You arrive at an incident. There's no danger from fire or further collisions. What's your first priority when attending to an unconscious motorcyclist?*

Check whether they're breathing normally

Check whether they're bleeding

Check whether they have any broken bones

Check whether they have any bruising

At the scene of an incident, always be aware of danger from further collisions or fire. The first priority when dealing with an unconscious person is to ensure they're breathing normally. If they’re having difficulty breathing, follow the DR ABC code.

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